A safety analysis process is a critical component of an aviation Safety Management System (SMS) manual, as outlined in TOC 5.1–5.5. It ensures systematic evaluation of safety data, including hazard reports and incident investigations, to support Management of Change (MOC) and maintain compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) standards.
For safety managers, consultants, and accountable executives, a well-defined safety analysis process streamlines MOC documentation, saving up to 100 hours annually, as achieved by client outcomes. This guide provides a step-by-step approach to developing an ICAO-compliant safety analysis process, leveraging tools to ensure effectiveness for operators from small flight schools to global airlines.
The safety analysis process aims to identify trends, assess risks, and inform decision-making by analyzing safety data. According to ICAO Doc 9859, it supports MOC by evaluating the safety implications of operational changes, such as new equipment or procedures. SKYbrary’s SMS framework emphasizes integrating analysis into all SMS pillars: safety policy, safety risk management, safety assurance, and safety promotion.
Review What is Predictive Analysis in Aviation SMS to understand how analysis drives proactive safety measures. For example, a small fixed-base operator (FBO) might analyze hazard reports to improve fueling safety, while an airport could assess runway incident data. This step ensures new safety managers or experienced professionals align the process with FAA Part 5 or EASA Part-ORA requirements.
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Effective safety analysis relies on robust data collection systems to capture relevant safety information. FAA Advisory Circular 120-92B requires organizations to maintain accurate and accessible safety data for analysis. Use tools like the Aviation Safety Database to centralize data from hazard reports, audits, and investigations, ensuring traceability and compliance.
For instance, a Part 135 operator might collect data on crew fatigue incidents, while a maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) organization could track equipment failure reports. A client airline improved data accuracy by 20% using automated systems, as noted in What Is an Aviation Safety Database. Ensure data is categorized by type, such as human factors or operational hazards, to facilitate analysis.
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Analysis methodologies, such as trend analysis, root cause analysis, or bowtie analysis, transform raw data into actionable insights. The How to Perform Bowtie Analysis resource provides templates to map risks and controls, supporting MOC evaluations. For example, a helicopter operator might use trend analysis to identify recurring fatigue issues, while an airport could apply root cause analysis to runway incursions.
Choose methodologies based on operational complexity and regulatory requirements. How to Perform Trend Analysis in Aviation SMS offers a six-step process to detect patterns, helping consultants supporting utilities or airlines prioritize risks. A client MRO saved 50 hours annually by automating trend analysis, demonstrating the efficiency of structured methodologies.
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Management of Change (MOC) requires safety analysis to evaluate the impact of operational changes, such as new routes or equipment. ICAO and FAA standards mandate a formal, structured, repeatable MOC process to ensure changes do not introduce new risks. Use tools like SMS Pro's Manage Change module to document MOC analyses, ensuring compliance and traceability.
For example, a commercial operator introducing a new aircraft type might analyze training and maintenance requirements, while a small FBO could assess the impact of a new fueling system. A client airport reduced compliance risks by 15% by integrating MOC into its safety analysis, as detailed in Understanding Management of Change in Aviation SMS. Ensure MOC analyses are reviewed by the safety manager and approved by the accountable executive.
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Continuous monitoring ensures the safety analysis process remains effective and compliant. Use key performance indicators (KPIs), such as the number of trends identified or MOC analyses completed, to track performance. Regular audits, supported by the Auditing System, verify the process’s alignment with FAA, EASA, or ICAO standards, as recommended in How to Conduct Internal SMS Audits.
A client utility company improved safety metrics by 20% by monitoring analysis outcomes, highlighting the value of evaluation. Update the process based on audit findings, new data sources, or regulatory changes, ensuring it evolves with operational needs. This step is critical for consultants supporting complex operations like airports or commercial operators.
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Developing a safety analysis process can be challenging, especially for organizations with limited data or complex changes. Avoid these common mistakes:
By addressing these challenges, organizations can create a robust safety analysis process, as evidenced by clients who achieved zero audit findings through systematic analysis and documentation.
A well-developed safety analysis process is essential for proactive safety management and MOC compliance. By defining its purpose, establishing data systems, developing methodologies, integrating MOC, and monitoring effectiveness, safety professionals can strengthen their SMS. Tools like SMS Pro’s Aviation Safety Database and Auditing System simplify the process, supporting operators of all sizes.
Ready to build your safety analysis process? Download free templates from Audit Resources or explore SMS Pro’s solutions at asms-pro.com to streamline your SMS manual development. Start enhancing your safety program today.